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Engine Oil Guide
For more information about API's Engine Oil Program, visit www.api.org/eolcs
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GUIDE TO SAE VISCOCITY GRADES OF ENGINE OIL FOR PASSENGER CARS
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Multigrade oils such as SAE 5W-30 and 10W-30 are widely
used because, under all but extremely hot or cold
conditions, they are thin enough to flow at low
temperatures and thick enough to perform satisfactorily
at high temperatures. Note that vehicle requirements may
vary. Follow your vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations
on SAE oil viscosity grade
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If lowest expected outdoor temperature is
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Typical SAE Viscosity Grades for Passenger Cars
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0°C (32°F)
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5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40, 20W-50
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18°C (0°F)
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5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40
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Below 18°C (0°F)
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5W-20, 5W-30
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GASOLINE ENGINES
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| Category |
Status |
Service |
| SM |
Current |
For all automotive engines currently in use. Introduced
in 2004, SM oils are designed to provide improved oxidation
resistance, improved deposit protection, better wear
protection, and better low-temperature performance over the
life of the oil. Some SM oils may also meet the latest ILSAC
specification and/or qualify as Energy Conserving.
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| SL |
Current |
For 2004 and older automotive engines |
| SJ |
Current |
For 2001 and older automotive engines |
| SH |
Obsolete |
For 1996 and older engines. |
| SG |
Obsolete |
For 1993 and older engines |
| SF |
Obsolete |
For 1988 and older engines |
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DIESEL ENGINES
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| Category |
Status |
Service |
| CJ-4 |
Current |
Introduced in 2006. For high-speed, four-stroke engines
designed to meet 2007 model year on-highway exhaust emission
standards. CJ-4 oils are compounded for use in all
applications with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up
to 500 ppm (0.05% by weight). However, use of these oils
with greater than 15 ppm (0.0015% by weight) sulfur fuel may
impact exhaust aftertreatment system durability and/or oil
drain interval. CJ-4 oils are effective at sustaining
emission control system durability where particulate filters
and other advanced aftertreatment systems are used. Optimum
protection is provided for control of catalyst poisoning,
particulate filter blocking, engine wear, piston deposits,
low- and high-temperature stability, soot handling
properties, oxidative thickening, foaming, and viscosity
loss due to shear. API CJ-4 oils exceed the performance
criteria of API CI-4 with CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, CH-4, CG-4 and
CF-4 and can effectively lubricate engines calling for those
API Service Categories. When using CJ-4 oil with higher than
15 ppm sulfur fuel, consult the engine manufacturer for
service interval. |
| CI-4 |
Current |
Introduced in 2002. For high-speed, four-stroke engines
designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standards implemented
in 2002. CI-4 oils are formulated to sustain engine
durability where exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used and
are intended for use with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur
content up to 0.5% weight. Can be used in place of CD, CE,
CF-4, CG-4, and CH-4 oils. Some CI-4 oils may also qualify
for the CI-4 PLUS designation. |
| CH-4 |
Current |
Introduced in 1998. For high-speed, four-stroke engines
designed to meet 1998 exhaust emission standards. CH-4 oils
are specifically compounded for use with diesel fuels
ranging in sulfur content up to 0.5% weight. Can be used in
place of CD, CE, CF-4, and CG-4 oils. |
| CG-4 |
Current |
Introduced in 1995. For severe duty, high-speed,
four-stroke engines using fuel with less than 0.5% weight
sulfur. CG-4 oils are required for engines meeting 1994
emission standards. Can be used in place of CD, CE, and CF-4
oils. |
| CF-4 |
Current |
Introduced in 1990. For high-speed, four-stroke,
naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines. Can be used in
place of CD and CE oils |
| CF-2 |
Current |
Introduced in 1994. For severe duty, two-stroke-cycle
engines. Can be used in place of CD-II oils.s |
| CF |
Current |
Introduced in 1994. For off-road, indirect-injected and
other diesel engines including those using fuel with over
0.5% weight sulfur. Can be used in place of CD oils. |
| CE |
Obsolete |
Introduced in 1985. For high-speed, four-stroke,
naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines. Can be used in
place of CC and CD oils |
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